ÿþ<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:dt="uuid:C2F41010-65B3-11d1-A29F-00AA00C14882" xmlns:st1="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta name="Microsoft Theme 2.00" content="strtedge 111"> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=unicode"> <meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document> <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 10"> <meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 10"> <link rel=File-List href="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/filelist.xml"> <link rel=Edit-Time-Data href="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/editdata.mso"> <!--[if !mso]> <style> v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} </style> <![endif]--> <title>Main Heading Goes Here</title> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="PostalCode"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="date"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="PlaceType"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="PlaceName"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="State"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="PersonName"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="stockticker"/> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:DocumentProperties> <o:Author>default</o:Author> <o:Template>Normal</o:Template> <o:LastAuthor>default</o:LastAuthor> <o:Revision>1</o:Revision> <o:TotalTime>247</o:TotalTime> <o:Created>2003-09-07T03:49:00Z</o:Created> <o:LastSaved>2003-09-07T03:49:00Z</o:LastSaved> <o:Pages>1</o:Pages> <o:Words>4580</o:Words> <o:Characters>26107</o:Characters> <o:Lines>217</o:Lines> <o:Paragraphs>61</o:Paragraphs> <o:CharactersWithSpaces>30626</o:CharactersWithSpaces> <o:Version>10.6845</o:Version> </o:DocumentProperties> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object> <style> st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--> <style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:"Comic Sans MS"; panose-1:3 15 7 2 3 3 2 2 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:script; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:647 0 0 0 159 0;} @font-face {font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; panose-1:2 5 6 4 5 5 5 2 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:647 0 0 0 159 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:Arial; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;} h1 {mso-style-next:Normal; margin-top:12.0pt; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:3.0pt; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; page-break-after:avoid; mso-outline-level:1; font-size:24.0pt; font-family:Arial; color:#003366; mso-font-kerning:16.0pt; font-weight:normal; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} h2 {mso-style-next:Normal; margin-top:12.0pt; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:3.0pt; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; page-break-after:avoid; mso-outline-level:2; font-size:18.0pt; font-family:Arial; color:#003366; font-weight:normal; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold; mso-bidi-font-style:italic;} h3 {mso-style-next:Normal; margin-top:12.0pt; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:3.0pt; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; page-break-after:avoid; mso-outline-level:3; font-size:14.0pt; font-family:Arial; color:#003366; font-weight:normal; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} h4 {mso-style-next:Normal; margin-top:12.0pt; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:3.0pt; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; page-break-after:avoid; mso-outline-level:4; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:Arial; color:#003366; font-weight:normal; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} h5 {mso-style-next:Normal; margin-top:12.0pt; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:3.0pt; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; mso-outline-level:5; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Arial; color:#003366; font-weight:normal; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold; mso-bidi-font-style:italic;} h6 {mso-style-next:Normal; margin-top:12.0pt; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:3.0pt; margin-left:0in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; mso-outline-level:6; font-size:8.0pt; font-family:Arial; color:#003366; font-weight:normal; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;} p.MsoHeading7, li.MsoHeading7, div.MsoHeading7 {mso-style-next:Normal; margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; mso-pagination:none; page-break-after:avoid; mso-outline-level:7; tab-stops:.25in; font-size:16.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Comic Sans MS"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; color:black; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single;} p.MsoFootnoteText, li.MsoFootnoteText, div.MsoFootnoteText {margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; mso-layout-grid-align:none; punctuation-wrap:simple; text-autospace:none; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} p.MsoHeader, li.MsoHeader, div.MsoHeader {margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; tab-stops:center 3.0in right 6.0in; mso-layout-grid-align:none; punctuation-wrap:simple; text-autospace:none; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} p.MsoFooter, li.MsoFooter, div.MsoFooter {margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; tab-stops:center 3.0in right 6.0in; mso-layout-grid-align:none; punctuation-wrap:simple; text-autospace:none; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} span.MsoFootnoteReference {vertical-align:super;} p.MsoBodyText, li.MsoBodyText, div.MsoBodyText {margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt; font-family:Arial; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-weight:bold; mso-bidi-font-style:italic;} p.MsoBodyTextIndent, li.MsoBodyTextIndent, div.MsoBodyTextIndent {margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:75.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-indent:-75.0pt; mso-pagination:none; tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Comic Sans MS"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; color:black;} p.MsoBodyText2, li.MsoBodyText2, div.MsoBodyText2 {margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:none; tab-stops:.25in; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Comic Sans MS"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; color:black; font-style:italic; mso-bidi-font-style:normal;} a:link, span.MsoHyperlink {color:#003399; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single;} a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed {color:#660000; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single;} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in; mso-header-margin:.5in; mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} </style> <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="6146"/> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout v:ext="edit"> <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFCC" background="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image001.jpg" lang=EN-US link="#003399" vlink="#660000" style='tab-interval:.5in'> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <v:background id="_x0000_s1025" o:bwmode="white" fillcolor="#ffc"> <v:fill src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image002.jpg" o:title="Parchment" type="tile"/> </v:background></xml><![endif]--> <div class=Section1> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <h1 align=center style='margin-top:0in;text-align:center'><a name="_top"></a>The <st1:place>Graves</st1:place> Family of Virginia &amp; South <st1:City><st1:place>Carolina</st1:place></st1:City></h1> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:18.0pt;color:#003366;mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;mso-bidi-font-style:italic'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:18.0pt;color:#003366;mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;mso-bidi-font-style:italic'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoBodyText>The history of the Graves Family below was submitted by Thomas Graves of <st1:place><st1:City>Gulfport</st1:City>, <st1:State>MS</st1:State></st1:place>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>It is available for viewing on the <a href="http://www.gravesfa.org/" target="_blank">Graves Genealogy Website</a>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Look under John <st1:place>Graves</st1:place>/Greaves of <st1:place><st1:City>Northamptonshire</st1:City>, <st1:country-region>England</st1:country-region></st1:place> and Virginia # 270 for this family.</p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:18.0pt;color:#003366;mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;mso-bidi-font-style:italic'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><st1:place><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'> Family </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; font-variant:small-caps'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-size: 18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'> Results: <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'>re Capt. Thomas Graves of </span><st1:State><st1:place><span style='font-size: 18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'>Virginia</span></st1:place></st1:State><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'>&amp;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'>John Graves, Sr.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;border:none; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'>Who is He?<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;border:none; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;border:none; mso-border-bottom-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><st1:date Year="2007" Day="20" Month="6"><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; font-variant:small-caps'>June 20, 2007</span></st1:date><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'><o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Traditional genealogical research and thinking has given three sons to Capt. Thomas Graves of VA.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>These are John, Thomas and Francis; indeed a quick entry to the </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>towne Society has been to prove descent from Francis Graves.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span>The first two sons are easily documented.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>John Graves patented 600 acres 9 August 1637 <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> near unto the upper end of the Back River, bounded on the easternmost side of the land of Capt. Adam Thorogood, begin to measure the breadth of 300 poles abut a pole eastward of the now dwelling house of Oliver Van Heck, running WSW up the river, etc., due in right of descent from his father Thomas Graves, who transported himself, Katherine Graves his wife, <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>John Graves</b> the patentee, and <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Thomas Graves, Jr.</b> and eight persons. <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></i><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span>The documentation for Francis is also seemingly straightforward.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>In the early records of Northampton County, VA are found references to a Francis Graves as early as 6 May 1639 regarding the transfer of one hundred pounds of tobacco and a cow and calf to Henry Pennington for the use of <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: normal'>Francis Graves</b> in compensation for a  parcell of land that Henry Wilson bought that did belong to Francis Graves. <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>On the 28<sup>th</sup> day of November 1642, reference is made to<i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>  <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Fra. </b></i></span><st1:place><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></i></b></st1:place><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, Orphant of Capt. Tho. </span></i></b><st1:place><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></i></b></st1:place><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, deceased</span></i></b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>[Ed. Note: Are these even the same person?]<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span>Recently questions regarding whether Francis was male or female have arisen.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>An excellent and detailed discussion regarding the subject of Francis or Frances Graves already exists in the <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Graves Family Newsletter</i> and the Graves Family Association web site.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>See </span><st1:place><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></i></st1:place><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> Family Newsletter (GFNL)</span></i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> 1995 p. 23, 1995 pp. 104-106, 1996 pp.98-103 and 1996 pp. 122-127.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>I will allow the reader to decide whether Francis is indeed male or female.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Regardless, the </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> quite clearly shows that individuals who claim descent from Francis Graves to be closely related to the family of John Graves of Concord, MA and should probably not be included as descendants of Capt. Thomas Graves of VA.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>See <a href="http://www.gravesfa.org/">www.gravesfa.org</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span>One certain and logical conclusion may be reached.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>With at least two sons, Capt. Thomas Graves of VA surely had male descendants in the first generations and almost certainly now thousands with surnames of </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> should be able to claim descent.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>For comparative purposes, just examine the genealogical legacy left by the New England Graves immigrant ancestors.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>(The recent book on John Graves of </span><st1:place><st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Concord</span></st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, </span><st1:State><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>MA</span></st1:State></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, for instance, is two large volumes.) <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>In the 21<sup>st</sup> century high tech methods are available to identify men and women of similar genetic makeup.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>In theory multiple individuals of the same name can be tested, many of these would fall into a few sets of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> and various genealogical lines would be established.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>If all then goes according to plan the already established lines of descent would be validated.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Correspondingly thousands of men with identical surnames should easily be found with the same or very similar </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> and descendants of each immigrant ancestor, </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> or otherwise, should be identifiable.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span>More recently the Graves Family Association members have embarked on a </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> project in an attempt to reconcile and/or to clarify questions regarding the various </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> family lines.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This well intended undertaking has created more questions than answers.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The descendants of Capt. Thomas Graves of VA have become particularly sticky and controversial.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Four distinct sets of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> have emerged in those lines traditionally attributed to Capt. Thomas Graves.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This is not the expected result since there should only be one set of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'> or several sets of nearly identical </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> considering the immigrant ancestor was only 11-14 generations in the past.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Which set of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> do we declare to be the true descendants of Captain Thomas Graves of VA?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The truth is, we simply do not know yet.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoBodyTextIndent><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Old style research, with its built in limitations (lack of extant or legible records, etc.) has constructed a complex family tree for Capt. Thomas Graves of VA.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span></span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> studies could validate the traditional research but instead have left us with four quite distinct </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> types that do follow four of the traditional lines quite well; so the </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> does validate traditional thinking to a point, <i>i.e.,</i> by validating the research that has resulted in the four distinct lines.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Why is there so much disparity in the </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> of these traditional lines?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>Obviously not all are descendants of Capt. Thomas Graves of VA.</b><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Are the traditional forms of research so flawed or does the fault lie with modern genetic research?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Intensive and dedicated study is the only answer to these questions but for now it seems comfortable to trust the science rather than traditional research with its limitations.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>How then do we eliminate some and include others?<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>The </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> for the descendants of Francis is very close to that of John Graves of </span><st1:place><st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Concord</span></st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, </span><st1:State><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>MA</span></st1:State></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> indicating they should be placed in that family thereby eliminating one set of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>This validates the research of those who believe that <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> Fra. </i></span><st1:place><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></i></st1:place><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, Orphant of Capt. Tho. </span></i><st1:place><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></i></st1:place><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> </span></i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> is female.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>In fairness to this group more individuals need to be tested before definite decisions are made.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Three sets of distinct </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> patterns then remain with descent from John in two separate lines, one through John, Thomas, John and the other through John, Ralph, Ralph.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The third set of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> comes through Thomas.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>These three </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> samples are distinct and seem too diverse to claim any kinship with each other.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>One set of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, based on traditional research, seems to be from Capt. Thomas, John, Ralph, Ralph.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The name Croshaw appears in this line.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Tradition holds that Katherine, wife of Captain Thomas Graves of VA, was a Croshaw.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This belief has no present verification and remains hearsay but would be strong evidence to state this set of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> was truly that of Capt. Thomas Graves of VA if it is determined to be true.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in;border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>The third line through Thomas,<sup> </sup>son of Capt. Thomas, again has a distinct set of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> and I cannot confirm or deny its claim to descent from Capt. Thomas Graves of VA.<o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style";font-variant:small-caps'>John Graves, Sr.: Who is He?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>My gggg-grandfather was Lewis Graves, Esq. of Culpeper County, VA and </span><st1:place><st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Laurens County</span></st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, </span><st1:State><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>SC.</span></st1:State></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>He was named as a son in the will of Thomas Graves of </span><st1:place><st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Culpeper County</span></st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, </span><st1:State><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>VA.</span></st1:State></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This Thomas Graves was linked to his father John Jr. by a transfer of property.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This John Jr. also can be linked to his father John Sr. by transfers of property as well.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>Who is the father of this John Sr.? <o:p></o:p></b></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Traditional research has placed this John Sr. as the son of Thomas Graves, son of John and grandson of Captain Thomas Graves of VA.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This line has almost never been allowed entry into the </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>towne Society due to their policy based solely on interpretation of footnote #67, p. 331, <i style='mso-bidi-font-style: normal'>Adventurers of Purse and Person, Virginia, 1607-1624/5, </i>third edition, edited by John Frederick Dorman, which states <i style='mso-bidi-font-style: normal'> <b>Although no evidence has been found that Thomas Graves had children</b>, chronology and geography suggest that he is the most likely member of the family to be father of John Graves. </i><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>(The Society chooses to accept the bold face portion of the sentence and to ignore the remainder.)<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>In fairness to the </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>towne Society, the traditional research to include Thomas as a son of John is poor.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Mrs. P.W. Hiden [Ed. Note: Mrs. Hiden was an early </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> researcher whose prodigious work laid groundwork for generations of later researchers.] believes  <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>The children of John Graves <b>seem</b> to have been Ralph, William, <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>possibly Thos</b>., Sarah, and a dau. who married a Grenther. </i><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>She goes on to name references to a Thomas Graves in </span><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>York</span></st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> </span><st1:PlaceType><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>County</span></st1:PlaceType></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> of the proper time period and concludes simply on that basis alone that Thomas could be a son of John.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>I agree with her logic but a cold appraisal in light of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> testing leads me to conclude this line should be rejected as descendants of Capt. Thomas Graves of VA. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><b>John Sr. may be a descendant of Captain Thomas Graves but more likely he either was the immigrant ancestor of this line or a son of a previously unidentified </b></span><st1:place><b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></b></st1:place><b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> immigrant.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>This John Graves, Sr. had at least two sons, John, Jr. who married </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Frances</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> and Thomas who married Ann Davenport.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>John Graves, Jr. had multiple sons including Thomas and Joseph. Three descendants of John who married </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Frances</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> have been tested (6415, 1370, 1950) and all have identical </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> (exact matches on all 25 markers tested).<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Descendants of Thomas who married Ann Davenport, five in all (1444, 2405, 1622, 1868, 1620), and the one descendant of Joseph (1869) that have been tested all are exact matches. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>These two sets of descendants of John<sup> </sup>Graves, Sr. differ by two mutations but the mutation occurred in one step essentially making it a single mutation.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>All nine of these tested individuals, the largest group in the study, are clearly related.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>town Society, in denying membership to this line, may in fact have acted appropriately in view of the </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> results but this is a large group of tested individuals, and all can clearly claim descent from a common </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> progenitor.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Very likely this </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> progenitor is probably the John Graves, Sr. in the earlier discussion.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoBodyTextIndent><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Once again, thinking logically, if Capt. Thomas Graves of VA had two sons, why should only one particular line from one son be allowed (the one based on </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> research) and descendants of other lines that are based on traditional research be disallowed.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Can traditional research methods be so flawed?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The sad reality is that the traditional research can be so flawed; records simply do not exist in many counties, immigrant ancestors arrived with remarkable regularity without existing documentation signaling their arrival, individuals were named in multiple documents referencing their arrival that could easily give rise to the erroneous conclusion that they were single individuals rather than multiple and even sadder, some genealogists zealously place family members in lines they wish them to be without proper logic or documentation.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoBodyTextIndent><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoBodyTextIndent><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>In any case there should be many descendants of Capt. Thomas Graves of VA.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Where are all the expected descendants of Capt. Thomas Graves of VA if not in these other sets of </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Who are the immigrant ancestors of these other lines if not Captain Thomas?<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>For certain, the </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> test results should act as a catalyst to trigger an intensive traditional research effort to perhaps identify a previously unknown </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> immigrant ancestor or a rethink of the traditional view.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>For one thing, if the conventional thinking is correct, John, the eldest son of Capt. Thomas Graves of VA was deceased by the age of thirty.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>Who raised his orphaned</b> <b>children?</b><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>They would certainly be minors and documentation of guardianship would be of great interest.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>John s sisters were alive and no mention is made of either rearing orphan children.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The answer to this question may provide some answers. <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><b>Has this question been raised before?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></b>I have seen no discussion on this topic.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in;border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> </div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> Two John Graves (father and son) appear in records of King<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:2'>                   </span>and Queen and </span><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>King</span></st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> </span><st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>William</span></st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> </span><st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Counties</span></st1:PlaceName></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, </span><st1:State><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Va.</span></st1:place></st1:State><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>These were <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>adjoining counties and King William was formed from King <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>and Queen1701-1702.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>In 1721 Spotsylvania Co. was formed from King and Queen, King William and Essex.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Two brothers, John who married </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Frances</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> and Thomas who married Ann, appear in </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Spotsylvania</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> records.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Their land in Spots. is in the area of the North Anna and </span><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Pamunkey</span></st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> </span><st1:PlaceType><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Rivers</span></st1:PlaceType></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> which would be in the area originally in King William  King and Queen Cos.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:2'>                   </span><b>Controversy has developed over the parentage of this <o:p></o:p></b></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:.5in'><b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>John and Thomas. <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></span></b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>(Emphasis mine)<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span>The above is an exact quotation from an early version of the Graves Family Association Web-Page.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>From earliest times in American genealogy, researchers have attempted to determine the ancestry of John who married Frances and Thomas who married Ann and remains the hot topic today.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span>Who were the parents of the elder John Graves, Sr.?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>That is certainly the burning question on the minds of </span><st1:place><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>' researchers.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Capt. Thomas Graves of the </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>towne Colony, the first </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> named individual in the </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>New World</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, had at least two sons, so named in early </span><st1:State><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Virginia</span></st1:place></st1:State><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> records.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>These were <b>John</b><i> </i>and <b>Thomas</b><i>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></i>Other research has uncovered daughters Verlinda, Ann and Katherine.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Early </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>' researchers seemed intent on connecting John Graves, Sr. to the illustrious Captain Thomas Graves.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>If John Graves, Sr. were indeed in the lineage of Capt. Thomas Graves of </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>towne he most certainly would be a grandson of one of the sons of the elderly Captain, either John or Thomas.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Since John Graves, Sr. named sons <b>John</b>, <b>Thomas</b> and Joseph, naming patterns alone would suggest this likelihood since the Captain also named sons <b>John</b> and <b>Thomas</b>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Assuming this to be true analyzing the existing records might prove useful.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>What the record does show is that John and Thomas simply are the most common given names for </b></span><st1:place><b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></b></st1:place><b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> men during that period and therefore provide no help.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoBodyTextIndent><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Genealogy is not an exact science; it results from research and analysis that allows an <b><i>opinion</i></b> to be delivered.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>Without exact proof it is always only an opinion</b>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This opinion is then subjected to scrutiny; it may or may not hold up.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The best-case scenario occurs when an excellent analyst has access to the most complete and accurate records.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The real world is somewhat different.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Genealogists are like TV repairman and peanut vendors, some or better than others therefore some rendered opinions are better than others.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>When exact proof, such as </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> data, is available, opinions must take a back seat to the science.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Even so a multitude of research and thought has been accumulated.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Over the years the dogmatic feeling of who John Graves, Sr. of </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Spotsylvania</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> County, VA is has changed.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Often change results from dogged study and the prevailing thought is that continued research <i>will get it right</i>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Unfortunately change may result simply from confusion and research may never <i>get it</i> <i>right, </i>therefore eons of research may not settle the issue for certain.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>For example, dogma regarding the ancestry of John Graves, Sr. has varied over the years based on the best opinions given at the time.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The late Mrs. Sue Davis was the first to offer the presently  accepted lineage of John Graves, Sr. of </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Spotsylvania</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> County, VA.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Writing in the <i>GFNL</i> 1980, Vol. 5, No. 29, pp.125-135, she argues the then  accepted lineage of brothers John who married </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Frances</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> and Thomas who married Ann was incorrect.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Quoting from her exactly  <i>Controversy has developed over the parentage of this John and Thomas.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The accepted line has been Thomas, Thomas, Thomas and wife Mary of Abingdon Parish, and John born Abingdon Parish, 1670, he being the father of John and Thomas of </i></span><st1:place><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Spotsylvania</span></i></st1:place><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>However, I believe an honest assessment of the Abingdon Parish Register will make this line impossible.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Even though the register was destroyed by fire in 1916, two copies were made prior to its destruction.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The dates were missing from the first three pages of the old record.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The first date is 1680.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>By studying the pages following 1680, it is obvious that each page covers approximately one year.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>It is reasonable to assume the first three pages are similar.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>I think this makes a 1670 birthdate for John, son of Thomas and Mary, [an] impossibility.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>It also makes it impossible for him to be the father of John Graves, Jr. of </span></i><st1:place><i><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>Spotsylvania</span></i></st1:place><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>. </span></i><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>[Ed. Note: The John Graves of the Abingdon Parish Register was baptized in 1677 making his birth date probably after the 1670 date that earlier researchers determined.]<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span></span></i><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>She goes on to say <i> I believe I can present a much more likely line of descent for John Graves, Jr. and Thomas.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The records of King William and Spotsylvania give proof that John and Thomas were the sons of John Graves Sr. of King and Queen and King William.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>The parentage of this</b> <b>John Graves is unproven</b> </i>(Emphasis mine)<i>, but he is very likely a descendant of Capt. Thomas Graves.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></i>[Early researchers seem to have believed all early Graves men in Virginia were his descendants.]<i><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>I feel it is highly unlikely that Capt. Thomas had any undiscovered sons.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>No other Graves in the early records would fit this description.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Therefore, John Sr. s father must have been a grandson of the Captain.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Thomas and Francis do not appear to have sons that would fit as the father of John Sr.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Francis quite possibly had a son by a first marriage, but this John died intestate in 1720, Essex and did not have a son John.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>However, John did have a son Thomas whose descendants have not been traced. <o:p></o:p></i></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span></span></i><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>Further she states <i> Thomas Graves </i>[Thomas, son of John and grandson of Capt. Thomas, mentioned in the previous paragraph as a likely ancestor of John Graves, Sr.] <i>was born by 1631.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>He was an adjoining land owner to his brother William in York County, 1652.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>He married Elizabeth& .<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>On 26 May 1684, a judgment is granted Thomas Graves.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>In August 1695, Thomas and Elizabeth Graves witnessed a deed.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The Virginia Quit Rent Rolls of 1704 show a Thomas Graves in King William County with 100 acres.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>King William was a new county having been formed from King and Queen in 1702. <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></i>[Ed. Note: The Quit Rent was a form of land tax.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The 1704 roll is the only one left for Virginia and although not every Virginia settler owned property, this roll represents the most complete census available for that time.]<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span></span></i><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>Lastly she says <i> John Graves, Sr. was born by 1665 and died after 1737.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>His wife s name is not known.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>There is no proof that this John is a son of Thomas and Elizabeth, but the ages are right and there are no other known Graves of the correct age to be the father of this John.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>He is obviously too old to be one of the Johns of the Abingdon Parish Register.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Francis may possibly have a son by a first marriage, but this John died in Essex County in 1720.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>He was also in Essex when John Graves, Sr. was in King and Queen and King William.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The one in King and Queen might be the John baptized in 1677, Abingdon Parish, but it is also quite possible that both Johns are one and the same person.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>As deeds will show, John Sr. was of King and Queen in 1704 when he purchased land in King William.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Therefore it is quite possible he is listed in both areas. <o:p></o:p></i></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span></span></i><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>Her argument is compelling </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>AND</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> based on all available information but inadequate in view of the </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'> study.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span></span></i><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>Charles Hughes Hamlin, also an early Graves researcher, made the following quote: <i> It should be noted in Law as well as in Genealogy, where prima facie evidence or proof does not exist or has been lost or destroyed THEN circumstantial evidence or secondary evidence or the best evidence obtainable in conjunction with logic and reasoning or the logical and reasonable deductions therefrom is considered by all experts in the fields of both LAW and GENEALOGY as having proved the contention or allegation. </i>[<i>GFNL </i>Vol. 15, No. 89, p. 101]<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Based on this premise, i.e., lacking prima facie evidence, Mrs. Davis was absolutely correct to make her conclusion but we must assume the </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> study to be prima facie evidence and reject her conclusion at present.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span></span></i><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>All genealogical opinions are subject to scrutiny.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Mrs. Davis entire analysis was based on her interpretation of the Abingdon Parish Register.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>She may or may not have been correct.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>If the first assumption is incorrect then subsequent conclusions are based on partial truth or even untruth, leaving the final conclusion in doubt.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Who is to say that the dates from the last pages could be extrapolated back to the first pages?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>I am not saying she was incorrect but am pointing out that her conclusion is only an opinion.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Having said that I believe her opinion was the best at that time and would be unchallenged yet were it not for the </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> family </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> testing program.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Most </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> researchers would agree with her then and my position now.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Obviously traditional genealogical research is not science.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span></span></i><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>Twelve years later Theron Smith, a trusted friend and colleague, wrote in the <i>GFNL</i> Vol. 15, No. 89, pp. 99-101 a detailed study of the same material and reached identical conclusions providing an independent yet quite unintentional verification of Mrs. Davis conclusions.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>[Ed. Note: He undertook the study to determine if the rejection of a </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> family member from the </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>towne Society was reasonable, not to confirm Mrs. Davis work.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>See the discussion at the bottom of page three in this monograph beginning& <i>Traditional research has placed& </i>]<i> <o:p></o:p></i></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Read Mr. Smith s excellent analysis in the cited <i>GFNL</i> article for its concise and excellent use of available material.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The article could and should be used in genealogy classrooms as an example of proper methodology.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>          </span>These are two perfect examples of the best-case scenario in genealogy, <i>i.e</i>., an extremely competent analyst using the best available information.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>They both arrived at the same conclusion unfortunately genealogy is not exact science.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>We must assume, on the other hand, that </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> studies are very scientific.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The Graves Family Association </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> study would render the above best-case scenario moot.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>If Mrs. Davis were alive, she would agree.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>I know my friend Theron Smith agrees.<i><o:p></o:p></i></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>For reasons not clear all early Graves researchers tried their best to place all seventeenth century Graves men in the lineage of the illustrious Captain.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>I was one of them but there is always another scenario. <b>What if John Graves, Sr. was simply another immigrant from England?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></b></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Dozens of men named Graves are found in immigration rolls in the first eighty years of the Virginia colony including Alexander, Christopher, Edward, Edmund, Francis, George, </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, Jeffrey, Jeremy, John (multiple), Martin, Paul, Ralph, Richard, Robert, Robins, Samuel, Thomas and William.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Certainly many made several trips back and forth to </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>England</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> but the fact remains, many of these were coming for the first time and probably left descendants in the </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>New World</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>During the early colonial years in Virginia immigrants flooded into the New World from the Old.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>Who is to say that all early Virginia Graves men were descended from Capt. Thomas Graves?</b><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><b>How then do we determine who our John Graves, Sr. might be?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></b><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>According to best guesses John Graves, Sr. was born about 1665.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>If he was our immigrant ancestor he must have reached adulthood before making the long sea voyage to the New World, if so his arrival would have been later than 1680 but before 1704 when he bought land.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Searching available sources for any John Graves arriving 1680-1704 might in theory identify possible candidates.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>One easily located source is <i>Cavaliers and Pioneers: Abstracts of Virginia Land </i></span><st1:PersonName><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Pat</span></i></st1:PersonName><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>ents and Grants.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span></span></i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>This extensive work resulted from the intense work of Nell Marion Nugent who abstracted all available </span><st1:State><st1:place><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>Virginia</span></st1:place></st1:State><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> land grants and compiled them into several volumes.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Volume Two contains abstracts from <i>Virginia </i></span><st1:PersonName><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Pat</span></i></st1:PersonName><i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>ent Books 6, 7 and 8 </span></i><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>and represents the best available account of movement of immigrants to colonial </span><st1:State><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Virginia</span></st1:place></st1:State><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> for the period of interest to us, 1666-1695.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>On </span><st1:date Year="1688" Day="23" Month="4"><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>23 April 1688</span></st1:date><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> John Sandford was awarded 1517 acres in </span><st1:place><st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Lower</span></st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> </span><st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Norfolk</span></st1:PlaceName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> </span><st1:PlaceType><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>County</span></st1:PlaceType></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> for transportation of 31 persons including Fra. Dun, Margt. Mortley, Tho. Evans, </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> Shepherd, Nicho. Dugras, Jno. Guiden, Beneden Lewis, Math. Davis, Mary Button, Eliza. Valent, Wm. Cowpen, Tho. Mondien (?), Jno. Gun, Tymo. Holmes, <b>Jno. </b></span><st1:place><b><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></b></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, Wm. Harris, </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> Jones, Cad. Kiddy, Ralph </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, Ellin Owen, Jone Ellis, Mathew Cooper, Edwin Fryzer, Foulk Mitton, George Reeves, Hancock Terry, Walter Fyler, Jacob Trutton, Hen. Galley.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>On 25 Oct 1688 John Richardson was awarded 100 acres in Lower Norfolk County in Lynhaven Parish, property originally granted to Thomas Keeling, for transport of two persons, <b>Jno. Graves</b> and Abraham Richardson.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Note: fees were charged.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>[Ed. Note: I assume this means each paid for his passage.]<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>In both cases, that of John Sandford and that of John Richardson, property was awarded in Lower Norfolk County as reward for transporting one or the other John Graves.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Lower Norfolk County is presently extinct and existed in colonial Virginia from 1637 until 1691.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>New Norfolk County had been formed from Elizabeth City Shire in 1636 but in 1637 it was divided into Upper and Lower Norfolk Counties.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>In 1691 Lower Norfolk County was divided into Norfolk County and Princess Anne County.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Lower Norfolk County contained what are now the cities of Norfolk, Portsmouth, Chesapeake and Virginia Beach.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This means in no way to imply that either of these John Graves settled this area or even arrived here initially.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>These were the only John Graves arriving in the New World that I have found so far from 1680 until 1704.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Examination of the 1704 Virginia Quit Rent Rolls reveal only seven men named Graves; Thomas and John in King William County, John and Robert in King and Queen County, Thomas and Jeffery of Gloucester County and </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> of </span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> City County.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>By this time there should be many more.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Obviously records are incomplete and hinder our progress.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Many </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Graves</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> progenitors may have been already present in the </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>New World</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> that were simply missed by this poll.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Either or neither of these John Graves may be our immigrant ancestor but obviously it is possible. It is certain that if neither is our ancestor a yet unidentified man is waiting for discovery.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> evidence indicates a close relationship of John Graves, Sr. s descendants with the descendants of William Greaves of Whitfield, </span><st1:place><st1:City><span style='font-family: "Bookman Old Style"'>Northamptonshire</span></st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, </span><st1:country-region><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>England</span></st1:country-region></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This William was born 1670 and our John 1665.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Could John and William be brothers, the elder seeking his fortune in the </span><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>New World</span></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> while the younger remained in </span><st1:country-region><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>England</span></st1:place></st1:country-region><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This is exciting news.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Further research could be promising.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Certainly the </span><st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>DNA</span></st1:stockticker><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'> match suggests a common ancestor between John Graves, Sr. and William Greaves of </span><st1:place><st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Northamptonshire</span></st1:City><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>, </span><st1:country-region><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>England</span></st1:country-region></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Obviously more work is needed but rewards await the motivated researcher.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Like my cousin Kenneth Vance Graves told me once, it makes no difference who our ancestor is; we just want to know him.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div style='border:none;border-top:solid windowtext 1.0pt;mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt;padding:1.0pt 0in 0in 0in'> <p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Thomas L. Graves, MD<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>3400 11<sup>th</sup> St.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>Gulfport, MS </span><st1:PostalCode><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'>39501-1641</span></st1:PostalCode></st1:place><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt; padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:1.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><span style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"'><a href="mailto:Tlg3411@aol.com">Tlg3411@aol.com</a> <o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:18.0pt;color:#003366;mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;mso-bidi-font-style:italic'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:18.0pt;color:#003366;mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;mso-bidi-font-style:italic'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none; tab-stops:.25in'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style: normal'><u><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'>John Graves, Sr.</span></u></i></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><u><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none; tab-stops:.25in'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><u><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><o:p><span style='text-decoration:none'>&nbsp;</span></o:p></span></u></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:.25in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>     </span><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>1.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>John GRAVES, Sr.</b> was born about 1665 and died after 1737 in Spotsylvania CO, VA.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:.25in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>     </span>John Graves, Sr. bought 100 acres of land on May 6, 1704 from John Clayborne on the north side of the Pamunkey River in King William County (formerly King and Queen County).<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Selling price was 3500 pounds of tobacco.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>On Mar 20, 1706/07 he signed over the title to the preceding land to &quot;my son, John Graves, Jr.&quot;<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:.25in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>     </span>In 1721, Spotsylvania Co. was formed from King and Queen Co., King William Co., and Essex Co.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>John was in Spotsylvania Co., VA by Jun 7, 1737 when he petitioned to be free of taxes. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:.25in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>     </span>Footnote #67, page 331, of Adventurers of Purse and Person, Virginia, 1607-1624/5, third edition states, &quot;Although no evidence has been found that Thomas Graves had children, chronology and geography suggest that he is the most likely member of the family to be the father of John Graves&quot;.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This edition was edited by John Frederick Dorman who stated in another work, &quot;The John Graves of King and Queen County who deeded 100 acres to his son is& the only logical John Graves to be the father of Thomas and John Jr.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>When we consider all the records that are presently available, I do not see how any other conclusion is possible.&quot;<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>Theron Smith has written a very thorough review of this subject in the Graves Family Newsletter.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:.25in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none; tab-stops:.25in'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family: "Comic Sans MS"'>Children of John GRAVES, Sr.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>+2.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>John GRAVES, Jr.,</b> born about 1685 in Spotsylvania CO, VA; died after 1772 in Spotsylvania CO, VA.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>3.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>Thomas GRAVES, born 1691; died before June 06, 1768.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>4.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>Joseph GRAVES, born about 1715.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt;border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </div> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>     </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none; tab-stops:.25in'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family: "Comic Sans MS"'>Generation No. 2</span></i><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none; tab-stops:.25in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:.25in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>     </span><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>2.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>John GRAVES, Jr.</b> (John<sup>1</sup>) was born about 1685 in Spotsylvania CO, VA, and died after 1772 in Spotsylvania CO, VA.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>He married <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: normal'>Frances ???</b> 1715.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>She was born about 1690, and died before 1790.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:.25in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>     </span>John Graves, Jr. purchased 200 acres of land in Spotsylvania County, VA May 24, 1729 from Thomas Gambrill.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>The deed was witnessed by Thomas Graves.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>The land was purchased in trade for 100 acres in King William Co., VA.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>[ed. Note: This is probably the same 100 acres transferred from John to John<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>in 1706 since no other candidates for ownership of the same name were in this area at this time. Therefore this deed is the key to the relationships in this family since it proves that John, Sr. and John, Jr. are father and son and that Thomas is the brother of John, Jr.].<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This land is eventually deeded by John and Frances Graves to their son Joseph Graves.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>This Joseph is named by Thomas Graves as his nephew and executor of his will, definitely confirming that John, Jr. and Thomas were brothers.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>John s death date is unknown but he was alive in 1772 when he deeded the land to Joseph.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;tab-stops:.25in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;mso-pagination:none; tab-stops:.25in'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family: "Comic Sans MS"'>Children of John GRAVES and Frances ???<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>5.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>Elizabeth GRAVES, born February 14, 1719/20 in Spotsylvania CO, VA; died January 1826 in Greene CO, KY.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>She married William Sandidge.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>6.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>Frances GRAVES, born about 1721 in King and Queen CO, VA; died before 1820 in Caswell CO, NC.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>She married Joseph BUSH<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>7.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>Joseph GRAVES, born 1723 in Spotsylvania CO, VA; died May 12, 1785 in Spotsylvania CO, VA.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>He married 1<sup>st</sup>. Sarah? and 2<sup>nd</sup>. Frances Coleman.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'>+8.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><a href="Thomas%20Graves%20and%20Elizabeth.htm">Thomas GRAVES</a></b>, born by 1724 in Spotsylvania CO, VA; died 1792 in Culpeper CO. VA, (will dated December 11, 1788 and proved June 18, 1792).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>9.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>Ann GRAVES, born 1725 in King and Queen CO, VA; died November 02, 1798.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>She married John McGehee by August 5, 1743.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>10. <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>John GRAVES, born 1725 and died November 17, 1798.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>He married Mary McGehee by 1761.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>11. <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><st1:PersonName><span style='font-family: "Comic Sans MS"'>James</span></st1:PersonName><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'> GRAVES, born about 1728; died 1781 in Culpeper CO. VA.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>He married Sarah ?.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <div style='border:none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:75.0pt;text-indent:-75.0pt;mso-pagination: none;tab-stops:.25in right 66.0pt left 75.0pt;border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='font-family:"Comic Sans MS"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </div> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:windowtext'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt; height:11.25pt' o:bullet="t"> <v:imagedata src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" o:title="astrbul1e"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=15 height=15 src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" alt="*" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025"><![endif]></span><span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;color:#333399'>Documents</span><span style='font-size:18.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;color:#333399'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.25in;tab-stops:list .5in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#333399'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:11.25pt' o:bullet="t"> <v:imagedata src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" o:title="astrbul1e"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=15 height=15 src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" alt="*" v:shapes="_x0000_i1026"><![endif]></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;color:windowtext'><span style='mso-tab-count: 1'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.25in;tab-stops:list .5in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:windowtext'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:11.25pt' o:bullet="t"> <v:imagedata src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" o:title="astrbul1e"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=15 height=15 src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" alt="*" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027"><![endif]></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;color:windowtext'><span style='mso-tab-count: 1'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.25in;tab-stops:list .5in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:windowtext'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:11.25pt' o:bullet="t"> <v:imagedata src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" o:title="astrbul1e"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=15 height=15 src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" alt="*" v:shapes="_x0000_i1028"><![endif]></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;color:windowtext'><span style='mso-tab-count: 1'>  </span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.25in;tab-stops:list .5in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:windowtext'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:11.25pt' o:bullet="t"> <v:imagedata src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" o:title="astrbul1e"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=15 height=15 src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" alt="*" v:shapes="_x0000_i1029"><![endif]><span style='mso-tab-count:1'>   </span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><a name="_Work_Information"></a><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <h2><a name="_Favorite_Links"></a>Genealogy Links</h2> <h3><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:windowtext'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1030" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:11.25pt;height:11.25pt' o:bullet="t"> <v:imagedata src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" o:title="astrbul1e"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=15 height=15 src="Personal%20Web%20Page_files/image003.gif" alt="*" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030"><![endif]><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span style='font-size:12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;color:windowtext'><a href="http://www.gravesfa.org/" target="_blank">Graves Genealogy Website</a></span></h3> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <h2><a name="_Contact_Information"></a>Graves Researchers</h2> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal>Amanda Dicken<span style='mso-tab-count:1'>        </span><a href="mailto:tdicken@cswnet.com">tdicken@cswnet.com</a></p> <p class=MsoNormal>Thomas Graves<span style='mso-tab-count:1'>         </span><a href="mailto:Tlg3411@aol.com">Tlg3411@aol.com</a></p> <p class=MsoNormal>Charles Graves<span style='mso-tab-count:1'>         </span><a href="mailto:graves@burgoyne.com">graves@burgoyne.com</a></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.25in;tab-stops:list .5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.25in;tab-stops:list .5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;color:windowtext'><a href="../Index.htm" target="_top">Homepage</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=MsoNormal>Last revised:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>April 4, 2009.</p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> </div> </body> </html>