Chemistry Study Guide  
Chapter 5 - Early Atomic Theory and Structure

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1. Define each of the following.
            a) cathode ray particle
            b) A
            c) Z
            d) atomic mass unit
            e) isotope
            f) anion
            g) atomic mass
            h) protium
            i) deuterium
            j) tritium

2. What do you get when you add the number of protons and the number of neutrons in an atom?

3. What is the same for each atom of a specific element?

4. What two subatomic particles have the same mass?

5. Given that A stands for mass number and A stands for atomic number, what is the number of neutrons in an atom equal to?

6. Which subatomic particle has the least mass?

7. Who is credited with the discovery of the neutron?

8. Which two subatomic particles must you have the same number of if the atom is neutral?

9. Which subatomic particle was the last to be discovered? Which was first?

10. Which pair of symbols represents two isotopes of the same element?

 11. Which subatomic particle has a charge equal in magnitude but opposite in charge to that of a proton?

12. Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?

13. What did Rutherford conclude from his experiment?

14. How would the symbol for an isotope of fluorine be written if it has 9 protons and 10 neutrons?

15. What are the parts to Dalton’s atomic model?

16. Name the facts about ions.

17. Who was the first to say that ions exist?

18. Who is credited with the discovery of the electron?

19. What is the relationship between an atom that contains 6 protons, 6 electrons, and 8 neutrons and an atom that contains 7 protons, 7 electrons, and 7 neutrons?

20. Which subatomic particle has a relative mass of approximately one atomic mass unit and a positive charge of +1?

21. What is the atomic number of an element most closely related to?

22. Determine the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in each of the following.

23. The two stable isotopes of potassium have masses and abundances of 38.964 amu (93.12%) and 40.962 amu (6.88%). What is the relative mass of potassium?

24. If a neutral atom contains 87 protons, what is the mass of the electrons in the atom?

25. The mass of a strontium atom is 1.45548 x 10^!22 g. How many atoms are in a 76.0 g sample of strontium?

26. If there are 7.36 x 10²³ atoms in a 55 g sample of a substance, what is the mass of one atom of the substance?

27. The mass of one atom of an isotope is 4.037 x 10^!23 g. What is the atomic mass of this isotope?