Chemistry Study Guide - Chapter 3
Classification of Matter

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1. Define each of the following:
        a) amorphous
        b) ion
        c) solid
        d) liquid
        e) element
        f) substance
        g) symbols
        h) metalloid
        i) atom
        j) compound
        k) chemical formulas
        l) anion
        m) cation

2. What are the properties of gases?

3. What are the properties of liquids?

4. What are the properties of solids?

5. Name the characteristics of metals.

6. Name the characteristics of nonmetals.

7. Identify each of the following as a compound, and element, or a mixture.
        a) water     d) strontium nitrate     g) chromium     j) calcium chloride
        b) air          e) iron                          h) paint             k) silver
        c) wood       f) milk                         i) salt                 l) blood

8. How many atoms of oxygen are in each of the following?
        a) (NH₄)₂C₂O₄
        b) Al₂(SO₄)₃
        c) CuSO₄ @ 5H₂O
        d) PO₄ ^3!

9. What are the most abundant elements in the earth’s crust, seawater, and atmosphere?

10. What are the most abundant elements in the human body?

11. How would you write a formula that contains two atoms of aluminum and three atoms of oxygen?

12. Which elements form diatomic molecules?

13. What phases are represented in the elements that form diatomic molecules?

14. If a pure substance contains sodium and fluorine, is the substance a compound, a mixture, or an element?

15. What does the symbol P₅ mean?

16. Name the metalloids.

17. What is the relationship between the densities of solids, liquids, and gases?

18. Which elements are liquids at room temperature?

19. Determine whether each of the following is ionic or molecular.
        a) Na₂CO₃                         d) H₂O₂
        b) CO e) NH₄Cl
        c) Cu(NO)₃