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1. Define each of the following:
a)
theory
b)
chemistry
c)
scientific method
d)
hypothesis
e) law
f)
organic chemistry
g) specific gravity
h) weight
i) meter
j) thermometer
k) balance
l) density
m) temperature
n) mass
o) gram
p) significant figures
q) liter
2. What are the steps of the scientific method?
3. How could a hypothesis be tested?
4. What are the two main branches of chemistry?
5. Why are some chemicals and medicines still on the market even though they present risks or they are deadly to some people?
6. What are some areas that chemistry plays an important part in?
7. Can all risks associated with exposure to certain chemicals be completely eliminated?
8. How are chemistry and physics related?
9. How do scientific breakthroughs come about?
10. Be able to write a short paragraph about the
following.
a) Why
are both severity and probability of exposure to a
certain chemical important in assessing
overall risk?
b)
Suppose someone has just brought to you a brand new
material. Give five questions that you, the
chemist,
would likely ask about it in an attempt to discover
what it is.
c)
Name four different ways in which you could classify
or organize twenty different plants.
11. What is the relationship between the density of liquid water and solid water, or ice?
12. What are the basic units of measurement in the SI system?
13. What do each of the prefixes stand for:
a) milli-
e) Mega-
b) micro- f) kilo-
c) centi- g) Giga-
d) deci- h) hecto-
14. How many uncertain digits does a measurement have if it is recorded in the correct number of significant figures?
15. Round the following to four digits:
a) 7.9997 b) 0.46125 c) 18.795 d) 9.3591
16. How many significant digits are in each of the following?
a) 0.020 m b) 2.00 m c) 0.0002 d) 1.0020
17. How many centimeters are in one inch?
18. What will happen to your weight if you move to a planet with greater gravitational pull than Earth? What will happen on a planet with less gravitational pull?
19. What will happen to your mass if you move to a planet with greater gravitational pull than Earth? What will happen on a planet with less gravitational pull?
20. Suppose two objects, X and Y, have the same volume, but the mass of object X is greater than the mass of object Y. What is the relationship between X and Y in terms of their densities?
21. Name some devices that are used to measure volume.
22. If the temperature of an object rises 20 EC, how many Kelvin units does the temperature rise?
23. Suppose ice will float in substance A, but it sinks in substance B. What does this tell us about the densities of A and B?
24. List the following from shortest to longest length: kilometer, centimeter, millimeter, micrometer, hectometer, decimeter, Megameter
25. Is a 20EF rise in temperature more or less than a 20EC rise in temperature?
26. Express each of the following in scientific notation:
a) 356.2 b) 2894.10 c) 250 d) 400.0
27. What are the boiling point and the freezing point of water in EF, EC, and K?
28. Make the following conversions:
a) 89EC = _________________EF
b) 524K = _________________EC
c) 103.5EF = _______________K
d) 2.95 qt. = ________________mL
e) 5.219 km = _______________m
29. What is the density of a substance that has a mass of 59.3 g and occupies a volume of 7.28 mL?
30. What is the mass of a piece of iron that occupies a volume of 1.92 cm3 if the density of iron is 7.874 g/cm3?